THEVARA PADAL PETRA STHALNGAL
AND OTHRE TEMPLES
(Continued......)
Day 2nd.
My visit to temples on day two was towards Thiruvaiyaru town of
Tanjavur District from Swamimalai in Kumbakonam, where I had camped.
The mention of Thiruvaiyaru immediately brings to mind, the
great Saint, Tyagaraja Swamigal , on of the Trimurtis of Carnatic musuc and the
utsavam held during Bahula Panchami as Tyaraja Aaradhana Day every year.
However, in and around
Thiruvaiyaru there are also several Shiava Padal Petra Sthalangal or
temples. These temples are called Saptha Sthana Kovil – group of
seven temples.
Enroute to Thiruvaiyaru, I also covered couple of Divya Desams
and other temples.
I really do not know whether I can! or I should, but I wish to state here that all the above temples visited by me are located in remote
villages with very minimal foot fall of devotees. Most of these temples
renovated in 7-9th century by the then rulers, are so massive,
but, are in almost ignored conditions these days. The Gurukkals or the Shiva
Acharyas performing daily pujas have to fend for themselves as also take care
of Nithya Pujas in the temple, with bare minimum assistance from the Government
– as I am told by the locals and also the Shivacharyas or Archagars of Shiva temple and Bhattar Swamigals or Aradagars of Vishnu temples.
It is understood that rather a portion of the offering by the
devotees in the Hundi is being charged as tax.
Hence my request to the readers of this blog is that in case you
happen to be near these temples, please do: -
1. Try to visit these not so popular but equally important temples
also.
2. While
offerings by the devotees may be made in the temple Hundi as per one's choice,
at least a portion of the offering may be used to buy flowers from the local
vendors and remaining be given to the Shivacharyas and Bhattar swamigals, to
enable them make two ends meet and the daily poojas in the temple is also held
without difficulty.
Now taking forward my travel.
Jagat Rakshaka Peruamal Temple
The first one was Jagat Rakshaka Perumal (Perumal means person
of eminence – here it denotes Lord Vishnu), one of the 108 Divya Desam temple
of Maha Vishnu. This temple is in Thiru- Kudaloor, about 23 kms from
Kumbakonam, is dedicated to Lord Vishnu who is worshiped here as Jagat Rakshaka
Perumal and his consort Lakshmi is worshiped as Pushpavalli.
The temple
believed to have been built by the Medieval Cholas in late 8th century and later contributions are by Vijayanagara
Kings and Madurai Nayaks.
As per Hindu mythology, when Hiranyaksha, the demon, abducted Bhumi Devi and travelled to Patala Loka, Vishnu assumes the form of a wild boar, an incarnation of Varaha avatara, splits the earth in to two parts and brings it back to Srimushnam.
Since Vishnu protected the world, he is called Jagat Rakshaka
Perumaal. Since all the Devas assembled here during that period, this place is
call Thiru-Koodaloor.
Kapi Sthalam
The second temple visited was in a village called Kapi Sthalam –
about 7 kms from Thirukudalur, in the outskirts of Papanaasam. It is
also one of the 108 Divya Desam temples, built around 9th century. This
temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu, worshiped here as Gajendra Moksha
Varadaraja Perumaal and his consort Lakshmi as RamaaManiValli
This place is believed to be the one where Gajendra attained
Moksha. The story of Gajendra Moksha is quite well known to all of
us.
Legend also has it that Lord Rama gave Darisanam once again to
Hanuman after 300 years of penance by Hanuman in this place which is why the
village is called as Kapi Sthalam. It is also believed that sage Parashar was
also given darisanam by Vishnu in this place.
Ganapathy Agraharam
After a nice darisanam at both the above-mentioned Divya Desa
Temples, I reached a place called Ganapathy Agraharam, a small town in
Papanaasam, about 9 kms from Kapisthalam, surrounded by green paddy fields and Kaveri
River flowing through the town.
This place, now with lush green paddy fields was once a
draught-stricken area.
As per the sthala Purana, after Akalya was turned into stone due
to a curse, Sage Gautam left his aashram. When he was passing
through this village, the villagers pleaded with him to invoke rain gods for
rain to save the village from draught.
The sage through his powers, realized that a Ganapathy Idol, consecrated by Sage Agastya, has been buried under the soil of the village and asks the villagers to dig it out from the ground.
Sage Gautama then appeases Lord Ganapathy with Shad Akshara Mantra, bringing rain to the village. River Kaveri also changes her course and come to the village to have darisanam of Lord Ganapathi.
Since then, the village has never faced any problem of draught and now, the place is really surrounded with lush green paddy fields and Kaveri flowing through the town all the town.
Saptha Sthana Temples
Having Tiruvaiyaru as the primary temple, seven
temples in seven places around Tiruvaiyaru, also referred as the seven ashramas
of seven Rishis (Saptarishi). Agastya, Atri, Bhardwaja, Gautama, Jamadagni, Vashistha and Vishvamitra. They are believed to have set up ashrams in
1.
Panchanadeeswarar
or Aiyarappar temple –
Thiruvaiyaru (3)
2.
Apathsahayar
Temple - Thirupazanam (1)
3.
Odhanavaneswarar
Temple – Thiruchotruthurai
(6)
4.
Vedapuriswarar
Temple – Thiruvedikudi (2)
5.
Brhma
Sira Kandeeswarar Temple –
Kandeeswaram (5)
6.
Puvananathar
Temple – This temple could
not be coved due to lack of time.
7.
Neyyadiappar
Temple – Tillaistanam (4)
I give below the details of the above temples visited on the 2nd
day of my temple visit – though not in the above-mentioned order.
Aaptha Sahayar Koil (Temple)
After covering these temples en-route to Saptha Sthana Shiva temples, I reached one of the seven temples - a sleepy village called Thirupazanam near Thiruvaiyaru about 5 kms from Ganapathy Agraharam. The deity is called Aaptha-sahayeswarar and his consort Parvaathy is called Periya Nayagi Amman.
Even though the original temple belongs to the Pallava period,
the temple has been re-constructed by the Chozhas in the 9th century
and further extended by Tajavur Nayaks and Marathas in the 16th century.
The presiding deity is revered in the seventh century by Tamiz
Shaiva saint poets, Thirunavukkarasar, fondly remembered as Appar and Thiru
Gyanasambandar.
As per the sthala Puranam, a young boy, Susaridan, after losing
his parents, reaches Thirupazhanam in the night. Yamadharmaraja appears in his
dream and cautions him that his days are numbered. The boy panics and worships
Lord Shiva who saves him from death and hence the name Aabath -Sahayeswarar
(Aapath in Tamil means danger).
Vishnu, Lakshmi, Kubera and Moon are believed to have worshiped
the deity here. On every full moon day, the rays of Moon fall on the
deity.
Another unique feature in this temple is that the 8 planets
face Surya unlike other temples.
Vedapuriswarar Koil (Temple)
After a filling darisanam at the temple, as per the advice of my Sarathy – Dinesh – the auto driver, a knowledgeable guide too, made a de-tour to avoid closure of the temple and proceeded to Thiruvedhikudi - again in a small village 16 kms from Apthasayar temple.
The temple houses Shiva in the form of Vedapuriswarar and his
consort Parvathy in the form of Mangayarkarasi.
This temple, also like many Shiva temples in these parts of
Tamil Nadu has been constructed during the Chozhas and then extended by the Nayaks
and Marathas of Tanjavur periods.
Thiur Gyana Sambandar, the 7th century Shaiva
saint poet has venerated Vedapuriswarar in two Padigams – One Paddigam consists
of 10 verses.
Generally, the Ardha-Nareeswars form has Shakti on the
left. However, in this temple, shakti is seen on the right side to
give importance to womanhood.
It is believed that Lord Brahma, a Vedhi, worshiped Lord Shiva
here hence the place came to be called as ThiruVedikudi. People
worshiping in this temple are believed to be blessed with knowledge.
All the 4 vedas are also believed to have worshiped Lord shive
here.
There is Vinayaka idol leaning towards sanctum sanctorum, as it
is believed that when the four vedas were peforming puja Vinayak leaned to
listen to them.
Sun God, Indira, Lord Vishnu and Vyaasa are also believed to have worshiped in this temple, as per stahala purana. The rays of Sun fall on the Lord on 13th, 14th and 15th of Panguni month (Phalguni).
Pancha Nadeeswarar Koil (Thiruvaiyaru) or Ayiarappar Temple
This Padal Petra Sthalam is in the middle of Thiruvaiyaru and is
also known as Dakshina Kailasam. This place is believed to be the
birth place of Nandi, the divine bull of Lord Shiva.
To reach this temple I drove back about 6 kms. I was told that
the bigger temples, like this are kept open for a longer duration that those in
small villages like Tiruvedikudi.
There are many inscriptions associated with this temple
indicating contributions from Cholas, Pandiyas, Thanjavur Nayaks and Maratha
Kingdoms. This a massive temple inside Thiruvaiyaru town – one of
the largest in Tamil Nadu.
The main deity of this temple is Aiyar-Appar or Pancha
Nadeeswarar, a form of Lord Shiva as the place– Thiruvaiyaru – is surrounded by
five rivers Viz. Vadavaar, Vennaar, Vettaar, Kudamuruti and Kaveri (“Thiru”
means Sacred “Ai” in tamil is five and Aaru means river).
His consort Parvathi is worshiped here in the form of
Dharmasamvardhini Amman.
It is also believed that Sundara Murthy Nayanar, who had come to
Thirukandiyur on the opposite bank of the river, was not able to reach the
temple due to flood like situation in Kaveri. However, the river is
believed to have paved way for Sundarar to reach this temple.
Another legend has it that Nandi Devar, was born at this place to
Sage Salandah. The sage left behind the child in the
temple. It is believed that Shiva performed ablution of Nandi with
Ambikai’s milk, foam from the Nandi’s mouth, nectar from Surya Pushkarini,
Amrita Purshkarini and Saiva Teertham (the three water bodies).
Ayyarappa, the main deity of Thiruvaiyaru is believed to have
taken Nandhidevar-Suyasambikai, after their marriage to these seven ashrams in
order to get the blessings of the rishis.
It is the place where, Appar- Thirunavukkarasar, is believed to
have had the darisanam of Kailaasa and the temple has two distinct divisions
called the Dakshina Kailasam and Uttara Kailasam.
Neyyadi Appar Temple.
A Shiva Temple, in a village called Thillaistalam or
Thiruneithanam just 2 kms from Thiruvaiyaru. It is also one of the Saptha
sthaanams in and around Thiruvaiyaru.
The deity is in form of a Lingam ans is called Neyyadiappar and
his consort is called Piraisoodi Amman.
This temple has also been revered in Thevaram written by the
Nayanaars in seventh century and is classified as one of the Padal Petra
Sthalams. Like many temples in these parts of Tamil Naud, this one is also
believed to have been constructed in the 9th Century by Choza
Kings and further contributed by Pandyas, Pallavas, Cheras and also by Tanjavur
Nayaks.
Legend.
As per legend, a cow used to milk at a particular place every
day which turned in to Ghee – Called Nei in Tamil. When the villagers tried to
catch the cow, it is believed to have disappeared. A lingam is
believed to have been found when the place was dug on the instruction of the
King.
Since Nei (Ghee) ablution (snaan or PrakshaNan, or Abhiskegam)
was being performed by the Cow the temple came to be known as Neiyadiappar
Temple.
Bramha-sira Kandeeswarar Temple
Another Padal Petra Sthalam – one of the Sapthastamans in and around Thiruvaiyaru about 2 kms from Thiruvaiyaru. The presiding diety Kandeeswarar and his consort Mangalanayaki have been revered by the Nayanaar during 7th century.
This is one the Ashta Veeratanam temples. Ashta
Veeratana temples are those where Lord Shiva is believed to have killed demons
at different times.
It is also believed that Brhma’s fifth head was beheaded in this
place.
Due to the curse for Brhma Hatti, Siva is said to have taken a
dip in the Kamala Purshkarini in the temple and worshipped Vishnu here to get
rid of his sin.
Shri Odhanadesswarar Temple
This place is also called as Oppilla Selvar (Meaning of oppilla
is one who has no comparison and Selvar means a someone with prosperity) Temple
located in Tiruchotruthurai at a distance of 30 kms from Kumbakonam ans 7 kms
from Thiruvaiyaru.
Shiva, the main deity is called Odahana - vaneswarar and his
consort Parvati is called Annapurani Ambal. This temple has also
been revered by the Nayanaar in the 7th Century and is
categorized as a Padal Petra Stahalam.
There are many inscriptions associated with the temple
indicating contribution of Cholas, Pandyas, Thanjavur Nayaks and Marathas in
construction of the temple.
Legend
As per Sthala Puranam, during a time of drought, Lord Shiva gave
a bowl (“Akshaya Pathiram”) to a devotee couple, Arulalar and his wife, when
they pleaded for food. It is believed that the Akshaya Pathiram never ran out
of food. The couple fed all the people in their village using food from that
bowl. Hence this lord here is praised as “Sri Chotruthurai Nathar” and “Sri
Chorudaiyan. The goddess is praised as “Sri Annapoorani”. This place gets the
name “Chotruthurai”. “Choru” and “annam” both mean food in Tamil. This place is
also known as “Annam Vatra sthalam” (“annam” means food, “vatra” means
something that never finishes and “sthalam” means place in Tamil). It is
believed that this is the second temple where Lord Shiva gave away the “Akshaya
Pathiram” to his devotees. The first one being Kasi (Banaras).
It is also believed that Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvathy gave
rice from the surrounding paddy fields to a large a number of devotees. Hence
these paddy fields are also called “Annam Padaitha Vayal”.
It is believed that Sage Gautama, one of the seven rishis
(“Saptha Rishis”), stayed here and worshiped Lord Shiva and attained salvation
here and hence this place also gets the name Gautama Ashram.
It is also believed that lords Brahma, Mahavishnu, Indra,
Suryan, Rishi Gautama, Saints Thirugnanasambanthar, Thirunavukkarasar and
Sundarar have worshiped the lord here.
The uniqueness of this temple is that Lord Murugan’s shrine is
located in the main hall (“Artha Mandapam”). The idol of this Murugan is very
big. He is depicted with six heads and twelve hands. This idol looks very
beautiful.
In this temple, the shrines of both Lord Shiva and Goddess
Parvathy are facing the east direction. Goddess Parvathy’s shrine is on the
right side of Lord Shiva’s
shrine.
I may add here that when I reached the temple around 12.30 pm or so, it looked totally deserted. Suddenly there appeared a Shiva Acharya with his prasadams ( bhog) and also arrived some devotees, who were not locals but from various places like me. After the Shiva Acharya performed his puja all those people who has assembled there, were served with sumptuous prasadam to every one’s satisfaction.
The belief here is that no one leaves this place un-fed. I do not know whether it was sheer co-incidence, I too left the place after a sumptuous prarasad, almost served as lunch, came to the end that day’s temple visit.
Thingalur & Thiyagarajar Samadhi
In between visit to Thiruvaiyar Saptha Sthana Temples, I also
visited the temple of Tingalur, a temple wholly dedicated to Moon and the Samadhi of Saint Thiyagarajar, one the
Trimurtis of Carnatic music.
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Another very informative account of interesting sthalams, KVS. I must confess I had no knowledge about these beautiful temples. Thank you for enlightening me. Hope your journey (and blog) will continue.
ReplyDeleteThank you so much Hari and Veena for your encouragement. I some more temples covered during my one month's stay will be covered in my ensuing blogs.
DeleteHats off to you Raman saar, for so painstakingly compiling the detailed and elaborate lore (வரலாறு) associated with each one of the temples you visited. I have been to some of the temples in Thanjavur district and surrounding areas of Kumbakonam. You are absolutely right in observing that some of these temples have suffered wilful neglect at the hands of the administration. I remember my visit to the Srivanchiyam temple near Nachiarkovil where one did not find even a washroom. Considering that devotees visit the temple with family from far-off places, this lack of basic facility was a cruel joke. That's the way things are.
ReplyDeleteLooking forward to your further travelogues.
Thank you Sunder Saar for taking time to read and encourage me with your kind words. Yes your observation is very correct. I too visited Nachiyaar Koil and Shrivanjiyam temples which i will be covering in my subsequent posts.🙏
ReplyDelete